The US House of Representatives narrowly passed a multi-trillion-dollar government spending bill on Tuesday, marking a significant victory for President Donald Trump as he pushes forward with his 2025 agenda.
The 217-215 vote was seen as an early test for House Speaker Mike Johnson, who had to delay an initial vote due to lack of support. The bill, which includes $4.5 trillion in tax cuts and significant spending on immigration enforcement and military funding, sparked division within the Republican Party over concerns about fiscal responsibility.
While all Democrats opposed the bill, only one Republican—Thomas Massie of Kentucky—voted against it, citing concerns over spending cuts not being deep enough. One Democrat was absent from the vote.
The bill proposes $2 trillion in spending cuts over the next decade to offset the tax reductions. It also seeks to extend Trump-era tax cuts that are set to expire by the end of the year. Despite these provisions, some Republicans initially resisted the bill, demanding stronger fiscal discipline.
House leaders, including Speaker Johnson and Majority Leader Steve Scalise, worked extensively to secure enough votes. Trump himself reportedly called wavering lawmakers, urging them to support the legislation. “Trump helped us with a number of members,” Scalise said after the vote.
Three previously undecided Republicans—Tim Burchett, Victoria Spartz, and Warren Davidson—ultimately backed the bill, helping to push it across the finish line.
“We have a lot of hard work ahead of us, but we are going to deliver the America First agenda,” Johnson told reporters after the vote.
Democrats criticised the budget, arguing it disproportionately benefits wealthy Americans while potentially cutting funding for low-income families reliant on Medicaid and other federal assistance programs. Some lawmakers made significant efforts to ensure their votes were counted, with Representative Brittany Petterson arriving with her newborn while on maternity leave.
The bill now faces an uphill battle in the Senate, which has its own spending plan under consideration. Lawmakers will need to reconcile both versions before sending a final bill to Trump for approval.
With Trump’s endorsement, Senate Republicans are under pressure to align with the House’s framework. However, negotiations over spending cuts, tax policies, and funding allocations are expected to continue in the coming weeks.
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