‘Australians are poorer’ and ‘everything is moving in the wrong direction’

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The Reserve Bank's third successive rate hike hit mortgage holders like a kick in the guts and there is little light to be found at the end of the tunnel when digging deeper into Governor Michele Bullock's comments and experts' analysis.

Whether it's her blunt admission that "Australians are poorer" or one analyst's assessment that "everything is moving in the wrong direction", good news is thin on the ground.

And if the war in the Middle East were to continue for longer than expected, there are some signs that any light to be found could quickly reveal itself to be a train barrelling straight for Australians' hip pockets.

READ MORE: Major banks withhold silver linings for savers as they pass on rate hike

Bullock didn't hold back when blaming "this war on the other side of the world" for much of the inflationary pressure that forced the central bank's hand into an 8-1 decision to boost the cash rate to 4.35 per cent, a return to its post-pandemic high.

"It's a real income shock for Australia and the world," she said in a press conference following Tuesday's decision.

"Australians are poorer because of this shock to oil prices and energy prices and all the other commodity prices that are being impacted.

"So we are poorer, and there is no way out of that. The trade-off is much worse."

A quick look at the numbers underlying the bank's reasoning explain some of the doom and gloom.

The RBA board's Statement on Monetary Policy predicts growth falling to an "anaemic" 1.3 per cent by the end of the year and basically staying there until the middle of 2028, as the unemployment rate ticks slowly towards 5 per cent. 

READ MORE: 'Disastrous': Grim reality of how much RBA rate hike will cost you

Yet it still decided to hit mortgage holders with the only blunt tool at its disposal to tackle inflation, which it now expects to hit 4.8 per cent in June, 0.6 percentage points higher than pre-war predictions.

Oxford Economics head of economic research and global trade Harry Murphy Cruise said the forecast "makes for bleak reading" and left the RBA with "little choice but to hike today".

"Inflation and unemployment are forecast to peak higher, while spending, investment and overall GDP growth will be weaker," he said. 

"In essence, everything is moving in the wrong direction."

READ MORE: Reserve Bank gives the news no mortgage-holder wants

Credit card from the big four banks: ANZ, CBA, NAB and Westpac.

The bad news doesn't stop there. The cash rate is expected to hit 4.7 per cent by December and more or less stay there.

All of those predictions are based on the bank's "baseline" assumption that the war ends "shortly", the "Strait of Hormuz is reopened soon" and shipping returns to normal by the end of the year.

But that's just a prediction. The words "uncertain" or "uncertainty" appear 48 times in the document.

The RBA also modelled two worse scenarios based on a longer closure of the strait and potential damage to energy infrastructure driving higher-than-expected energy price rises, which could see GDP 0.8 per cent lower than the baseline and both inflation and unemployment above 5 per cent.

"The longer the strait remains closed, the fewer options the board will have; a prolonged closure would force the RBA's hand to hike rates multiple times this year to tame inflation and inflation expectations," Murphy Cruise said.

While Bullock was quick to acknowledge the impact the war had already had and would likely continue to have, stressed it was "not the sole reason".

"We had an inflation problem before this," she said.

"People often say to me … you must have a better thing than the interest rate. We don't. It's all we have, and we know that affects different people differently. 

"We know that, but it's the only thing we have to address inflation, and the more important thing in that comment was about the rising costs of all those things. That's why we have to stop this happening.

"We have to stop inflation because that's – yes, the mortgage cost is hurting them, but it's all those other things that are hurting people, the rise in prices of groceries, the rise in price of fuel, all those sorts of things are hurting people."

Some analysts, such as Westpac chief economist Luci Ellis, even think the RBA is being too optimistic when it comes to the risk of inflation.

"Our own assessment, however, is that there is a bit more near-term inflation to come, both from a higher oil price than future markets imply and greater, more drawn-out second-stage pass-through to other prices, especially in areas such as home-building costs," she wrote.

She also expressed surprise Bullock appeared to give the green light to businesses to pass on increased fuel and fertiliser costs to customers.

"This stood in contrast to the discussion in the media conference about avoiding pass-through to wages," she said.

"At several points, the Governor emphasised that the energy price shock 'makes us all poorer' and there was nothing that could be done about that.

"In our view, it would have been more helpful to the RBA's own inflation fight if the Governor had encouraged firms that had the capacity to absorb those cost increases to do so."

The governor also had a message for Treasurer Jim Chalmers in case he was thinking of dipping his hand into the coffers in next week's federal budget to help out families struggling to afford fuel and mortgage repayments.

Treasurer Jim Chalmers responds to the Reserve Bank's decision to raise the cash rate in May.

"All I'm saying is that the extent to which government make up the shortfalls for households by giving them more money, it makes it harder to dampen demand," Bullock said.

Chalmers said his budget next week, which will focus on savings rather than spending, will help bring inflation down.

"We intend to play a helpful role, not a harmful role, in the fight against inflation," he said.

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